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Apple Reference & Presen…rary 8 (Internal Edition)
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Industry Competition
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Compaq
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Compaq Price Cuts
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1990-06-24
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6KB
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137 lines
Sub: Compaq Price Cuts
Apple Confidential / Need to Know
Competitive Analysis
COMPAQ JOINS THE PRICE WAR
_______________
SUMMARY
Compaq cut the prices of most of its desktop product line by 8% to 20%. The
move brings Compaq's pricing back in line with the rest of the industry.
What happens next? The pressure is now back on the clone-makers to cut their
prices further. We think that'll happen early next year. IBM also needs to
cut prices on its mainstream 286 and 386sx products, which in spite of a June
price adjustment are still above the competition's prices. That move could
happen fairly quickly.
___________________________
WHAT COMPAQ DID
The price of every desktop CPU from the 25 MHz 386 down was cut. The cuts
ranged from 8% to 20%. In general, every product moved down one position in
the product line — the 25 MHz 386 product now costs about what the 20 MHz 386
product did, the 20 MHz 386 took the price position of the 20 MHz 386sx, and so
on. There was a collision at the bottom of the line, where Compaq's cheapest
386sx machine now costs only $400 more than its 286 cousin. This probably will
mean very low sales for the 286 product, which was introduced only four months
ago.
Compaq's Rod Canion said several times recently that the company had let its
prices drift too high; he's now corrected that. With the cuts, Compaq's prices
are back in line with its traditional position, at the top end of the clones
(see the chart below for the numbers). The company also took fairly healthy
cuts in its RAM pricing, but those prices are still way over market.
(Prices below are US suggested retail for boxes without monitors.)
80286
IBM 50z, 30M HD, 1M RAM: $2,895
NEC, 42M HD, 1M RAM: $2,495
Compaq 286N (2 slots), 40M HD, 2M RAM: $2,399 (down 8%)
80386sx (16 MHz)
IBM 55 (3 slots), 30M HD, 2M RAM: $3,495
Compaq 386s (4 slots), 40M HD, 2M RAM: $3,199 (down 13.5%)
NEC (4 slots), 42M HD, 2M RAM: $3,199
Compaq 386N (2 slots), 40M HD, 2M RAM: $2,799 (down 12.5%)
80386sx (20 MHz)
Compaq 386s/20, 60M HD, 2M RAM: $3,699 (down 18%)
NEC, 42M HD, 2M RAM: $3,349
80386 (20 MHz)
Compaq 386/20e, 40M HD, 1M RAM: $4,899 (down 20%)
IBM 20 MHz 386, 60M HD, 2M RAM: $4,795
80386 (25 MHz)
IBM 25 MHz 386, 60M HD, 2M RAM: $6,895
Mac IIci 25 MHz 030, 80M HD, 4M RAM: $6,669
Compaq 386/25e, 60M HD, 4M RAM: $6,399 (down 17%)
NEC, 42M HD, 2M RAM: $5,199
_________________________
MARKETING ANALYSIS
Because a Macintosh doesn't work like a PC, Apple should discourage customers
from making direct price comparisons between Macintosh and IBM-compatible PCs.
For instance, a Macintosh IIci generally runs programs faster than an
equivalent PC running Windows, so it's not accurate to directly compare a IIci
to a 25 MHz 386 system. Apple should emphasize the things that make Macintosh
superior to a Windows PC -- in particular, the Macintosh unified architecture
that ties together the hardware and software to allow faster innovation and
better performance. The increasing price pressure makes this task even more
urgent.
Of course, in the long run, the key to escaping the price trap is to use
Apple's architectural advantage to add new differentiators to Macintosh. In
the meantime, marketing differentiation can help to hold off price pressure,
but Apple is not immune to the price war. An important question the company
needs to consider is whether the current wave of price cuts will pause here, or
continue to spiral downward.
__________________________
IMPLICATIONS
• Compaq looks good, for the moment. Compaq had been shedding unit share in
the US. The price cuts will probably stabilize Compaq's share, if not increase
it a little. We'll be especially interested to see how the 386N product does
-- Compaq's press release said it is "now even more affordable for entry-level
386sx users who have basic computing needs." This is the first time we've ever
heard power-oriented Compaq mutter the phrase "entry-level" in any context, and
is a change in the official positioning of the 386N.
• IBM's low end looks lousy. IBM's business-oriented 286 and 386sx products
are once again overpriced. This must be frustrating to IBM, since it just cut
the prices of those systems in June. This is the segment of the market that
moves the most volume, though, so IBM can't ignore the situation. If IBM
doesn't either release new products, or cuts prices on the existing ones, it
will drop a lot of unit share quickly.
• Faster price changes. Compaq cut the prices of some systems that were
introduced only a few months ago. IBM has already cut the prices of some of
its systems twice this year. The days of the once-a-year price adjustment seem
to have ended, at least for now. We don't see them coming back until PC demand
starts to grow faster.
• How far will the price war go? With the exception of IBM's low end, most of
the US PC industry has now completed one round of price cuts. Demand in the US
continues to be flat, so manufacturers still have an incentive to try to steal
share from one-another, until some of them go broke and drop out of the market.
Since that hasn't happened yet, prices still have room to decline. The
shortage of Intel 386 chips could put a temporary floor under the market, but
that won't last much beyond the end of 1990. If demand doesn't pick up in
early 1991, the price spiral will probably continue.
• Commoditization. Compaq maintained its high prices at the top of its
product line (the 33 MHz 386 and the 486). Customers who buy top-end systems
are less price-sensitive and more brand-conscious, so Compaq is able to charge
them a premium. The lower in price you go, the more commodity-like the market
becomes. No premium vendor, not even Compaq, can defy that trend.
____________________
We welcome your comments and suggestions. Please link us at COMPETITION.